Functional GI and motility disorders which affect the upper GI tract from the esophagus to the stomach. Many other disorders can affect the digestive tract, with uniquely identifying features which differentiate them from functional GI or motility disorders. Motility is a term used to describe the contraction of the muscles that mix and propel contents in the gastrointestinal GI tract. IFFGD is a nonprofit education and research organization. Our mission is to inform, assist, and support people affected by gastrointestinal disorders.
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All Rights Reserved. International Foundation for Gastrointestinal Disorders. GI Disorders. Upper GI Disorders. Lower GI Disorders. Bowel incontinence Chronic constipation Chronic diarrhea Dyssynergic defecation.
Other GI Disorders. Abdominal adhesions Acute Hepatic Porphyria Anal fistulas Celiac disease Clostridium difficile Congenital sucrase-isomaltase deficiency. Malabsorption Opioid Induced Constipation Radiation therapy injury Scleroderma Short bowel syndrome Superior mesenteric artery syndrome.
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Related Stories. There is no smell, and the amount is tiny. When there is a smell, there are usually small amounts of sulfur gases. If food has not been properly digested, it starts to decompose, releasing sulfur. Flatulence can be the result of normal bodily processes, or it may stem from a condition that affects the digestive system.
Exogenous sources are those that come from outside. We swallow air when we eat, drink, or swallow saliva, especially when excess saliva is produced, due to nausea or acid reflux. Endogenous sources are inside the gut. Gas may arise as a by-product of digestion of certain foods, or when foods are not completely digested. If any food is not digested completely by the stomach or the small intestine, flatulence can occur when it reaches the large intestine.
Foods that cause flatulence tend to be those high in certain polysaccharides, particularly oligosaccharides, such as inulin.
Inulin belongs to a class of dietary fibers known as fructans. Beans : Complex carbohydrates in beans are difficult for humans to digest. They are digested by microorganisms in the gut known as gut flora, which produce methane. When the complex carbohydrates reach the lower intestine, bacteria feed on them and produce gas. Lactose intolerance : When people consume food that contains lactose, such as milk, and lack the enzymes to break it down, the bacteria feed on the lactose. In some people, this produces large amounts of gas.
Celiac disease : Intolerance to the protein gluten means that some people have excessive flatulence when they consume barley, wheat, and rye. Artificial sweeteners : Sorbitol and mannitol are found in candies, chewing-gums, and sugar-free sweet foods. Some people develop diarrhea , gas or both when they consume these substances. Fiber supplements : Adding these too rapidly to the diet can cause flatulence, especially if they contain psyllium.
Carbonated drinks : Fizzy drinks and beer may cause a build-up of gas in the intestinal tract. Anyone who is concerned about how their diet may be causing flatulence should ask a doctor or a qualified dietitian for advice. Some types of cancer can lead to a blockage in the intestines. Anyone who experiences a sudden or worsening increase in flatulence should see a doctor. Gallbladder problems : Gallstones and cholecystitis can cause additional gas. Constipation : Feces can make it harder to expel excess gas, resulting in further accumulation and discomfort.
Gastroenteritis and other intestinal infections : A viral, bacterial, or parasitic infection of the digestive system, or food poisoning, can cause a buildup of gas. Examples include Escherichia coli E.
Antibiotics : These can upset the normal intestinal flora, or bacterial flora, in the gut, leading to flatulence. Laxatives : Regular and excessive use of laxatives can increase the risk of developing flatulence. Other causes include pregnancy, a hernia , pancreatitis , Hirschsprung disease, premenstrual syndrome, endometriosis , and others. If there are signs of poisoning or a blockage, or if there is blood in the feces, urgent medical attention is needed.
Flatulence is not usually a serious problem.
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